Everything about The Long Bone totally explained
The
long bones are those that are longer than they're wide, and grow primarily by elongation of the
diaphysis, with an
epiphysis at the ends of the growing
bone. The ends of epiphyses are covered with a
hyaline cartilage ("articular cartilage"). The longitudinal growth of long bones is a result of
endochondral ossification at the
epiphyseal plate. Bone growth in length is stimulated by the production of
growth hormone(GH), a secretion of the
anterior lobe of the
pituitary gland.
The long bones include the
femurs,
tibias, and
fibulas of the legs, the
humeri,
radii, and
ulnas of the arms,
metacarpals and
metatarsals of the hands and feet, and the
phalanges of the fingers and toes. The long bones of the human leg comprise nearly half of adult height. The other primary skeletal component of height is the
spine and
skull.
The outside of the bone consists of a layer of connective tissue called the
periosteum. Additionally, the outer shell of the long bone is
compact bone, then a deeper layer of
cancellous bone (spongy bone) which contains red
bone marrow. The interior part of the long bone is the
medullary cavity with the inner core of the bone cavity being composed of (in adults) of yellow marrow. They are found more in women.
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